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A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template, a process termed reverse transcription. Reverse transcriptases are used by viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B to replicate their genomes, by retrotransposon mobile genetic elements to proliferate within the host genome, and by eukaryotic cells to extend the telomeres at the ends of their linear chromosomes. Contrary to a widely held belief, the process does not violate the flows of genetic information as described by the classical central dogma, as transfers of information from RNA to DNA are explicitly held possible.Retroviral RT has three sequential biochemical activities: RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity, ribonuclease H (RNase H), and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity. Collectively, these activities enable the enzyme to convert single-stranded RNA into double-stranded cDNA. In retroviruses and retrotransposons, this cDNA can then integrate into the host genome, from which new RNA copies can be made via host-cell transcription. The same sequence of reactions is widely used in the laboratory to convert RNA to DNA for use in molecular cloning, RNA sequencing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or genome analysis.

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  1. N

    NSW Who is at fault? Reverse collision video

    Who is at fault with in the collision shown in the link here: I am the red car waiting to reverse out . At 00:46 I start reversing seeing she had enough space to drive forward. She then starts reversing and when I notice her I stop for a second and beep but she reverses into me. She had her...
  2. T

    NSW reverse into each other

    Could you tell me the rules for reversing into each other at a shopping centre carpark as we both reversed into each other
  3. dwilli10

    NSW Car accident while reverse parking - am I at fault?

    Hi all, My wife was reverse parking into one of those rear-to-curb parking spots. The street itself has one lane for traffic going in either direction with a double unbroken line in the middle. As she was reversing, another car tried to overtake her by driving over the double-line to go around...